Western Hemisphere
Argentina
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 305 | 300 | 400 |
Program Overview
Argentina is a transshipment route for trafficking of Andean-produced cocaine to Europe and other markets. Due to its advanced chemical production facilities, it is also one of South America’s largest producers of precursor chemicals. Argentina became a significant transit country for ephedrine bound for Mexico and the United States in 2008. While the Government of Argentina banned importation of ephedrine by pharmacies in 2008, trafficking of this substance remains a problem. The Argentina program advances efforts to combat rising Bolivian-origin cocaine trafficking and illicit precursor chemical exports.
Program Goals and Objectives
The Argentina program supports the FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plan priorities to empower the host government to become a more effective partner in fighting criminal networks and bolster homeland security by disrupting terrorist networks. The program also supports INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Transnational Crime and Counternarcotics.
Objective 1: Augment the host government capacity to deter, investigate, prosecute, and reduce the threat of organized crime, particularly in counternarcotics.
Objective 2: Heighten GOA vigilance against traffic in Andean-origin cocaine and precursor chemicals including ephedrine.
Objective 3: Enhance the legal framework for control of precursor chemicals and forfeiture processing for assets seized from individuals or criminal organizations engaged in illicit activities, including drug trafficking.
Objective 4: Increase awareness of problems associated with drug addiction, particularly the cheap cocaine derivative “paco.”
Objective 5: Enhance the capabilities of law enforcement officials to make investigations of intellectual property violations more efficient and effective.
FY 2011 Program
Law Enforcement Support Project: This project provides training and equipment for host-nation law enforcement to enhance their investigative and operational capabilities, including such items as computers, narcotics detection equipment. Support is provided to the Northern Border Task Force, as well as the Eastern Border Task Force (EBTF), which combines efforts of the Investigative Police, Coast Guard, Customs, and other regional law enforcement bodies into a unified task force to combat narcotics trafficking in Argentina’s northeast region, including its tri-border area (TBA) with Paraguay and Brazil. This is an ongoing project.
Legal Reform Project: This project facilitates training and seminars focused on drafting new regulations to help Argentine courts dispose of or sell seized assets related to criminal activities. Funds will also provide support for training courses and seminars for law makers to strengthen precursor chemical regulations. This is an ongoing project in its second year.
Demand Reduction: Funds will support a more effective campaign to increase drug awareness and deter youth from abusing drugs. Support will include development of educational materials and media campaigns directed at youth, particularly in urban areas. This is a new project.
Intellectual Property Rights: This project will help improve key aspects of IPR protection by hosting seminars and training that address issues such as Argentina’s failure to enforce copyrights and trademarks and adequately protect pharmaceutical data against unfair commercial use. This is an ongoing project in its second year.
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Bolivia
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 26,000 | 20,000 | 20,000 |
Program Overview
Bolivia is the world's third largest producer of cocaine and a major transit country for Peruvian-origin cocaine. In recent years, interdiction and eradication results have fallen as a result of GOB policies and actions, including the expulsion of the DEA in January 2009. Still, GOB officials recognize the growing threat posed by drug traffickers and Bolivia’s pivotal role in the illicit drug industry requires continued U.S. engagement. The U.S. remains committed to working with the GOB to improve counternarcotics and justice sector results, expand the capacity of the GOB, and increase regional and international support for Bolivian counterdrug efforts.
Program Goals and Objectives
The Bolivia program supports the host government’s efforts to combat transnational crime. The program also supports the embassy’s FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plan goal of refocusing the GOB on disrupting crime and drug trafficking and reducing coca cultivation, as well as INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Counternarcotics, Transnational Crime and Criminal Justice Sector Capacity Building and Security Sector Reform (SSR).
Objective 1: Build institutional capability to interdict and eradicate narcotics and precursors produced within or transiting through Bolivia.
Objective 2: Enhance the capabilities of law enforcement to conduct criminal and financial investigations that will result in arrests and prosecutions of trafficking organizations.
Objective 3: Increase institutional capability to identify, prevent, and prosecute cases of transnational crime, including trafficking in persons.
FY 2011 Program
Interdiction: Funds will provide logistics support, such as field equipment and maintenance costs, to the Bolivian National Police’s Counternarcotics Division (FELCN), its command staff and rural patrol units (UMOPAR), a canine drug detection unit (K-9), and the Special Operations Force (FOE). The FOE includes an economic and financial investigations unit (GIAEF), a special intelligence and operations group (GIOE), and a precursor chemical investigations unit (GISUQ). Funds will also support the counternarcotics prosecutors and Garras del Valor training school with administrative and logistics support, such as travel and perdiem costs. The program will also provide support for operating costs (INFRA), ground transport (Green Devils Task Force), a riverine unit (Blue Devils Task Force), and for fixed-wing (Black Devils Task Force) and rotary-wing aviation (Red Devils Task Force) to conduct interdiction operations. This is an ongoing project.
Eradication: Funds will provide infrastructure and logistics support, such as equipment, medical/hygienic supplies, and vehicle support and maintenance, to the Joint Eradication Task Force (JTF); the entity that supervises destruction and rationalization of illicit coca (DIGPROCOCA); the National Police for JTF security; and the Ecological Police (ECOPOL) for location and preparation of eradication sites. The program will also provide support for operating costs (INFRA), ground transport (Green Devils Task Force), a riverine unit (Blue Devils Task Force), and fixed-wing (Black Devils Task Force) and rotary-wing aviation (Red Devils Task Force) to conduct eradication operations. This is an ongoing project.
Law Enforcement Development and Training: Funds will support efforts to build law enforcement capacity though training and development, including in key areas such as investigative skills, forensic sciences, human rights, and trafficking-in-persons. Funds will support infrastructure and logistics costs, such as travel costs, supplies, and basic equipment, as well as costs for support staff, trafficking-in-persons unit incentives, and victims’ assistance. This is an ongoing project.
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Brazil
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
Program Overview
Brazil is a major transit country for cocaine and other illicit drugs destined for Europe, and to a lesser extent, the United States. Despite excellent cooperation with its neighbors, Brazil’s expansive territory and uncontrolled borders make effective narcotics enforcement very difficult. Increasing amounts of drugs, particularly from Bolivia, are being diverted to Brazilian urban centers, and Brazil has become the second-largest consumer of cocaine in the world after the United States. Brazil has a large and sophisticated financial sector and is increasingly becoming a regional center for money laundering and other financial crimes. Brazil’s domestic drug trade is primarily controlled by powerful, heavily-armed and well-organized urban gangs that use part of their illicit profits to procure weapons and sophisticated communications devices that give them an increasing advantage over already outnumbered and ill-equipped municipal and state police. These gangs have growing ties to known international traffickers and are involved in other international criminal activities, which could have a direct impact on the security of the United States. By assisting Brazil in improving its law enforcement capabilities, the USG will help reduce the flow of illegal drugs, disrupt the activities of known international narcotics traffickers, and deny criminals their illicit profits.
Program Goals and Objectives
The Brazil program supports the embassy’s FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plan priority of Promoting Cooperation and Effectiveness in Law Enforcement and Justice and INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Transnational Crime and Counternarcotics.
Objective 1: Enhance Brazil’s capability to dismantle and/or disrupt major drug trafficking organizations that operate in and/or through Brazil and have criminal ties to the United States.
Objective 2: Enhance Brazil’s ability to participate in bilateral and multilateral investigations against drug trafficking organizations.
Objective 3: Enhance Brazil’s law enforcement capability to improve its port and airport security.
FY 2011 Program
Interdiction
Law Enforcement Support: Funds will provide training and equipment to enhance the capabilities of Brazilian law enforcement agencies, particularly the Federal Police. Five U.S. law enforcement agencies represented at Embassy Brasilia will provide the technical expertise and training. Funds will pay the costs of training, such as Drug Enforcement Administration-led Basic Narcotics and Airport Inspections courses, and minimal equipment such as replacement computers and communications equipment. This is an ongoing project.
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Caribbean Basin Regional Security Initiative (CBSI)
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| --- | 10,607* | 37,463 |
*In FY 2010, CBSI was funded out of the Western Hemisphere Regional line-item.
Program Overview
The Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI) addresses the increasing crime and violence, largely driven by drug and other illicit trafficking, that affects the safety of both U.S. and Caribbean citizens. As the Merida Initiative and Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI) apply pressure against trafficking organizations in Mexico and Central America, CBSI funding will address the potential spillover effect from traffickers shifting routes to the Caribbean.
INL programs under this initiative may strengthen Caribbean partner nation capabilities in the areas of maritime security, law enforcement, information sharing, border and migration control, transnational crime, and criminal justice.
Programs will build upon previously successful partnerships and develop partner nation capabilities to allow them to cooperate and coordinate in a regional context to address citizen safety concerns.
Program Goals and Objectives
CBSI supports CARICOM’s “Organized Crime Strategy.” The program also supports FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plans from our Caribbean posts and INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Criminal Justice Sector Capacity Building, Counternarcotics, and Transnational Crime.
Objective 1: Substantially reduce illicit trafficking.
Objective 2: Advance public safety and security.
Objective 3: Promote Social Justice.
FY 2011 Program
Stabilization Operations and Security Sector Reform:
Funds may support law enforcement operations reform in the region to establish and sustain professional and accountable law enforcement services. Funds may be used to establish, train, and equip vetted police units that can work on a wide range of issues from drug and arms trafficking to extradition operations. Programs may support increased information sharing among governments in the Caribbean Basin; support programs for increased proficiency of corrections personnel; and support the sustainability and expansion of law enforcement end-game capabilities, as well as border and port security.
Counternarcotics
Funds may combat the cultivation, production, and trafficking of drugs throughout the Caribbean Basin. Support may include training, equipment, and maintenance to enhance law enforcement officials’ ability to eradicate and interdict illicit drugs. Funds may also support aviation the Sovereign Skies aviation program based in the Dominican Republic, establish sustainable institutional change in support of host nation law enforcement capacity, enhance cooperation in securing borders, and provide alternatives to criminal activities through support of rehabilitation efforts.
Transnational Crime
Funds may seek to minimize the adverse effects of criminal activities in the Caribbean Basin. Efforts may support training of law enforcement personnel, including anti-gang training, and training on money laundering, financial crimes, and asset forfeiture for the region.
Rule of Law and Human Rights
USG assistance may seek to advance rule of law activities in the Caribbean Basin. Efforts may include improving courts administration, management, and processes; building capacity of prosecutors and improving collaboration between civilian prosecutors and judicial or police investigators; and improving forensic skills for use in the judicial system.
Good Governance
Funds may support anti-corruption efforts in the Caribbean Basin through capacity-building of anti-corruption divisions and special prosecutors. Activities may include the provision of equipment, operational support, and training.
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Colombia
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request | |
| ACP | 230,128 | -- | -- |
| INCLE | 45,000 | 243,900* | 204,000 |
*In FY 2010, the Andean Counterdrug Programs (ACP) account was merged into the INCLE account.
Program Overview
After achieving notable results in improving security, disrupting the drug trade and expanding a government presence throughout the country, Colombia is now working to consolidate this progress. To help the Colombian Government implement their National Consolidation Plan, the U.S. will continue to provide assistance to support Colombian-led interdiction and eradication programs. U.S. programs will enhance the Colombian National Police’s capability to maintain a security presence in former conflict and drug growing areas, while also expanding access to justice in rural regions.
Program Goals and Objectives
U.S. counternarcotics and rule of law assistance supports the Government of Colombia’s National Consolidation Plan and Democratic Security Policy. The U.S. is focusing its resources in four to five priority zones, i.e., areas where insecurity, drug cultivation and trafficking and a lack of alternative development remain impediments to democratic development. Within these priority areas, counternarcotics programs are being closely sequenced with alternative development to promote more permanent results.
Objective 1: Continue to increase Colombia’s capacity to combat the drug trade through counternarcotics programs closely coordinated with alternative development.
Objective 2: Assist the Colombian Government in expanding security and justice in remote and former conflict regions.
Objective 3: Improve the capability of Colombia’s Attorney General’s Office, particularly its Human Rights and Justice and Peace Units.
Objective 4: Enhance cooperation with Colombia to promote regional training and coordination on counternarcotics and citizen safety initiatives.
FY 2011 Program
Colombian Military
Army Counterdrug Mobile Brigade: Provides transport to deploy units to protect aerial eradication aircraft and pilots, as well as conduct interdiction missions. Trains and supplies weapons for units operating in remote and rugged terrain for aforementioned purposes. This is an ongoing project.
Army Aviation (COLAR): Supports aviation contract that trains Colombian mechanics, as well as provide parts and equipment for repair of Colombian Army operated and U.S.-titled aircraft. U.S. assistance also seeks to ensure sustainable nationalization of this program. This is an ongoing project.
Air Bridge Denial: Following this program’s nationalization in December 2009, minimal INCLE funding will be used to support end use monitoring, quality control and specialized technical assistance/training. This is an ongoing project.
Navy Maritime Interdiction: Further expands the Colombian Coast Guard’s presence throughout the Pacific coast. The USG will support limited infrastructure and base construction within the Pacific region, purchase equipment and weapons for Coast Guard personnel and support maritime interdiction training. This is an ongoing project.
Colombian National Police (CNP)
CNP Aviation Support: Supports aviation contract that provides mechanics, a small number of pilots to oversee Colombian pilots, and supplies aviation parts and training. This enables CNP Aviation to provide important support for a range of counternarcotics activities, including transport for police officers for manual eradication, interdiction and high-value target operations. CNP Aviation now also provides helicopter security for both aerial eradication spray packages. This is an ongoing project.
CNP Eradication: Provides funding for aviation contract that supplies spray pilots, mechanics, parts, and logistics for up to 12 AT-802 spray planes and 2 Cessna 208 imagery gathering aircraft. Funding is also used to purchase the glyphosate used in aerial eradication. This is an ongoing project.
CNP Interdiction: Trains and equips specialized CNP interdiction units. Supports interdiction programs at Colombia’s ports and airports, including purchasing scanning equipment and providing training to the CNP. Provides funding for CNP Aviation to support additional interdiction missions. Enhances security and capacity at rural CNP stations in consolidation areas through security training and infrastructure upgrades. This is an ongoing project.
Rural Police/Carabineros
Expanding the government’s ability to secure former conflict regions is fundamental to achieving more lasting eradication and promoting human rights and security. Funding will support increases in the number of trained and equipped rural police and provide weapons, ammunition and transportation. This is an ongoing project.
Support to the Carabineros will also be used to enhance their capabilities to protect manual eradicators. This is an ongoing project.
Critical Flight Safety Program (CFSP)
CFSP for Colombia will include performing long term depot level maintenance on all aircraft on a five-year cycle, extending the service life of aging aircraft, and addressing attrition in the fleet. This centrally managed program is designed to ensure safety, structural integrity, and functionality of the aircraft deployed and operated to support various programs. This is an ongoing project.
Attorney General’s Office
Funding will support training for the Fiscalia’s Human Rights Unit and Justice and Peace unit. Training and equipment will also be provided for Colombian agencies to improve security at courts and protection of judges and prosecutors. Forensic equipment and training will also be offered to help in the exhumation and identification of human remains. This is an ongoing project.
Justice Sector Reform Program
Provide training and equipment for the expansion of criminal justice operations and activities into consolidation areas by enhancing the work of the Fiscalia’s regional offices and judicial training for government officials in these regions. Limited support will be provided for ongoing training in the new accusatory system and criminal code. This is an ongoing project.
Individual Deserter Program
U.S. assistance will provide continuity and subject matter expertise to bolster the Colombian Ministry of Defense’s demobilization program through a team of advisors for tailored demobilization and prevention of illegal recruitment strategies, as well as advanced database management tools. This is an ongoing project.
Drug Demand Prevention
U.S. support will help strengthen local anti-drug community organizations, as well as expand the CNP’s DARE program. This is an ongoing project.
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Ecuador
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 7,500 | 4,500 | 7,638 |
Program Overview
Ecuador is a major transit country for illicit drugs trafficked from Colombia and Peru to the United States, as well as a source of chemical precursors diverted for illicit narcotics manufacturing. With transit of illicit drugs a major concern -- the lion’s share of U.S. counternarcotics assistance for Ecuador targets interdiction efforts. Counternarcotics cooperation continues to be one of the strongest pillars of the U.S. bilateral relationship with Ecuador. The U.S. remains committed to help Ecuador build a sustainable framework to counter the threat of drug trafficking and other transnational crimes.
Program Goals and Objectives
U.S. counternarcotics assistance is provided to improve the institutional capabilities of Ecuador’s police, military, and judicial sectors in support of the host government's efforts to effectively combat narcotics trafficking, money laundering, and other transnational crimes. These program objectives support Embassy Quito's foremost Mission Strategic Goal for FY 2011: promoting regional stability, disruption of narcotics trafficking and other transnational crimes. The objectives and goals also reflect INL's FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals -- criminal justice sector capacity building, counternarcotics, and transnational crime.
Objective 1: Strengthen police capabilities to significantly disrupt the movement of illicit drugs transiting through Ecuador, and on to the United States, and dismantle narcotics trafficking organizations operating in Ecuador.
Objective 2: Build law enforcement capabilities to conduct criminal and financial investigations, resulting in arrest and prosecution of narcotics trafficking and transnational criminal organization leadership.
Objective 3: Support and strengthen military mobility, communications, and operational capabilities to effectively disrupt narcotics trafficking along Ecuador's northern border with Colombia.
FY 2011 Program
Interdiction: Funds will support the Counternarcotics Police Directorate (DNA) port and canine operations; mobile anti-narcotics units; including modernization of detection equipment; provision of communications equipment; vehicle acquisition and maintenance; as well providing a port security advisor from U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Funding will also support improving the prosecution of criminal cases, particularly those related to narcotics trafficking and money laundering, as well as provide assistance for the implementation of the code of criminal procedures. INL support for the military will build capacity to protect national territory against narcotics traffickers in areas of limited police presence. This is an ongoing project.
Drug Awareness/Demand Reduction: Funds will provide informational materials and sponsor drug prevention and demand reduction public events to increase public awareness of the dangers of drug abuse. Funds will also support drug awareness projects operated by the GOE. This is an ongoing project
Money Laundering and Chemical Control: Funds will provide training, equipment, and technical assistance to help the GOE more effectively combat money laundering. Funds will support financial investigative and chemical control police units and also the Financial Intelligence Unit. This is an ongoing project.
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Haiti
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2010 Supp Request | FY 2011 Request |
| 17,500* | 21,107 | 143,489 | 19,420 |
*The FY 2009 amount includes $2.5M in Merida Initiative funds.
Program Overview
Strengthening Haiti’s security sector capacity is a key U.S. priority. The Haitian National Police (HNP) lacks the ability to investigate or respond to crimes, patrol, keep public order or even communicate internally. These basic prerequisites for enforcing the law are lacking throughout Haiti, but particularly in the Port au Prince slums, which are the epicenter of anti-government and criminal activity. Haiti remains a major drug transit country. Significant amounts of cocaine from South America transit the island of Hispaniola on its way to U.S. markets. In addition to posing problems for the U.S., the drug trade in Haiti undermines the rule of law in that fragile country by fostering corruption and fomenting armed violence perpetrated by criminal gangs and political opposition groups. The Haitian government views counternarcotics as a priority. The January 12, 2010 earthquake will have a tremendous affect on the way forward as the Government of Haiti (GOH) rebuilds and continues its efforts to improve the capacity of its law enforcement, corrections, and judicial organizations. The requested FY 2010 supplemental funding will support the restoration and expansion of Haiti’s security and justice sector institutions. Continued funding in FY 2011 is needed to demonstrate USG commitment to help Haiti continue to address the areas of weakness in the security sector and support ongoing development and capacity building for its law enforcement and judicial institutions.
Program Goals and Objectives
The FY 2011 program focuses on police reform (crime control assistance), corrections (criminal justice assistance), and counternarcotics. These programs will be coordinated in cooperation with the Haitian Government, the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), and other donors. The Haiti program supports the Embassy’s FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plan priorities to empower the host government to become a secure, prosperous, democratic society that meets the needs of its citizens and contributes to stability in the Caribbean. The Haiti program also supports INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Counternarcotics and Transnational Crime along with the Department of State’s Haiti strategy, which was revised after the January 12 earthquake.
Objective 1: Restore the law enforcement capabilities of the GOH to maintain public order and reduce the attractiveness of illegal migration and the ability of criminals to traffic drugs into the U.S., which will promote economic development and long-term stability. Train and vet existing and 1,000 newly recruited Haitian National Police to democratic policing standards to form the core of a credible, competent police force. Ensure that Haitian police are able to respond to reports of crime in a timely manner, conduct effective patrols, direct traffic, communicate effectively, and conduct internal and criminal investigations, with crime reducing over time. Decrease the number of incidences of human rights abuses by police.
Objective 2: Improve the confidence of the public in the police as an institution. Increase crime reporting, as well as police capability to respond. Security on the streets improves as measured by a return to normal business and reduction of daily gunfire.
Objective 3: Assist the Haitian Coast Guard (HCG) improve its capacity to control its territorial waters and borders.
Objective 4: Support anti-corruption and anti-money laundering programs and financial investigations that will result in arrests and prosecutions of trafficking organizations.
Objective 5: Support, expand and improve the capacity of the HNP Counternarcotics Unit (BLTS), including operational support for counternarcotics.
FY 2011 Program
Counterdrug Support
Funds will be used to support port security and maritime interdiction operations from HCG bases at Killick, Cap Haitian, and Port-de-Paix. In partnership with the U.S. Coast Guard, FY 2011 funding will advance post-earthquake efforts aimed at restoring and upgrading the logistical and maintenance capacity of the HCG. Additional vessels will be provided consistent with HCG capacity to maintain and operate them and a third base may be established on the south coast, a region known for narcotics trafficking. A key initiative will be co-locating other HNP units to increase GOH presence and improve operational results. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
The UCREF FIU (the Haitian Financial Intelligence Unit) and the financial crimes investigative unit (BAFE) suffered severe losses during the earthquake, including their buildings, forcing them to cease operations. FY 2011 funds will build on FY 2010 supplemental funding projects to reconstitute and build capacity in these agencies by providing follow-on technical assistance and financial investigation mentors to support the anti-money laundering and anti-corruption efforts of the UCREF FIU and BAFE. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
The BLTS currently has some officers vetted by DEA. Funds in FY 2011 will be used to provide additional training and equipment, including radios and vehicles. Funding will support the deployment of elements of both units throughout the country, as well as the intelligence collection and analysis center within the HNP. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
Civilian Police (CIVPOL)
Funds will continue support for approximately 50 police officers and 5 corrections officers the U.S. is contributing to MINUSTAH. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
U.S. officers will continue providing expertise in the areas of academy training, field mentoring, patrols, community policing, investigations, traffic, crime analysis, forensics, police management, supervisory skills, police administration, and other specialized skills. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
U.S officers will also continue to co-locate with Haitian officers at police stations and engage in joint patrols to continue increasing public confidence in the police. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
Police Development and Reform
Funds will support the HNP to recruit, select and train a minimum of 1,000 qualified officers in FY 2011. Specialized units, including forensics, SWAT, and traffic will be strengthened and trained. HNP supervisory, management, and human rights training will be provided as well as periodic in-service training for existing HNP officers. Together with that training, funds will enable provision of appropriate equipment, communications, and logistical support. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
Funds will support the Inspector General’s office to enhance HNP capacity to perform internal police investigations, exercise effective command and control over the police force, and ensure adherence to policies and procedures. This is a new project.
Criminal Justice Development/Corrections
Funds will continue support for renovation of deteriorating structures that present security and disease threats to detainees, and to alleviate the serious human rights violations currently presented by jail conditions. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
Funds will also equip and train new and existing Haitian prison personnel to operate a pre-trial diversion program and to educate and rehabilitate some of the criminal population. This is an existing program, but is realigned to meet post-earthquake needs.
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Mexico
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2009 Supp | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 246,000 | 160,000 | 190,000 | 292,000 |
Program Overview
As a key consumer of the illicit narcotics produced and trafficked by the drug cartels, the United States has a shared responsibility for combating the crime and violence that so gravely affect citizens throughout the region. Roughly ninety-three percent of all the cocaine consumed in the United States transits through Mexico and Central America. The Mexico INCLE program builds on efforts begun under the Merida Initiative, with a shift away from expensive equipment and towards supporting Mexican government institutional reforms and strengthening rule of law. These programs are designed to complement renewed U.S. efforts at home to reduce drug demand, to stop the flow of weapons, and bulk cash generated by illicit drug sales, and to confront gangs and criminal organizations.
Program Goals and Objectives
The Mexico program supports the Mexican Government’s significant investment in promoting rule of law, providing for citizen security, and reforming state institutions towards greater transparency, responsiveness, and respect for human rights. Merida Initiative Programs will focus on four strategic areas: disrupting the capacity of organized criminals to operate; strengthening institutions; building a 21st century border; and building strong and resilient communities. The program also supports the embassy’s FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plan priorities related to strengthening Law Enforcement and Judicial Systems and Promoting Democratic Systems and Practices, and INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Counternarcotics, Criminal Justice Sector Capacity Building and Security Sector Reform, and Transnational Crime.
The four strategic objectives of the Merida Initiative in Mexico are:
Objective 1: Dismantle organized criminal groups by building Mexican law enforcement capacities in information collection and analysis, training and equipping units, and conducting investigations against organized crime, money laundering, arms trafficking, and other crimes.
Objective 2: Institutionalize justice-sector reforms to sustain the rule of law and respect for human rights through continued large-scale institution building projects with security and judicial institutions at the federal level and expanded efforts at state and local institutions.
Objective 3: Create efficient, economically competitive borders crossings along Mexico’s northern and southern borders that ensure “secure two-way flows” of travelers and trade; improve enforcement cooperation between ports of entry; and reduce the flow of drugs to the north, and guns and bulk cash to the south.
Objective 4: Build strong and resilient communities with long-term alternatives to working for organized crime, and that understand and are engaged in Mexico’s legal and judicial reforms.
FY 2011 Program
Disrupting Capacity of Organized Crime to Operate
Financial Crimes and Asset forfeiture programs will strengthen Mexico’s ability to target money-laundering, the financial underpinning of the drug cartels. Training and equipment for specialized units will focus investigations on all arms of organized crime, while allowing for their rapid and safe deployment to areas of concern. Information technology and training will support a GOM project to develop and implement an advanced information-sharing system that integrates public security, law enforcement, immigration and related information into one place, making the information available to all law enforcement agencies.
Strengthening Institutions
Law enforcement training and professionalization at the federal level, and increasingly at the state and local level, will enable the military to stand down from its law enforcement and counternarcotics role. This training will include a human rights element, and will focus on training trainers. Training will also be conducted for various GOM agencies in evidence collection, chain of custody, and use in oral trials. Internal controls and anti-corruption programs will assist the GOM in designing and developing sound practices and systems that will reduce the level of corruption in their judicial and security agencies. Funds will support the development and implementation of the national police registry to weed out corrupt police, and will support internal culture of lawfulness efforts within government agencies. Funds will support the equipping of forensics labs at key points of entry and throughout the country, including providing computers, high-resolution scanners, software, and training. Corrections personnel will be trained in inmate classification, processing, and transportation. Prosecutors and judges will be trained in support of Mexico’s transition to an oral, accusatorial judicial system.
Building a 21st Century Border
Information technology and technical equipment, including biometric equipment, and training will allow for rapid data collection and monitoring of all travelers entering and leaving Mexico. Non-intrusive inspection equipment will allow for efficient movement of legitimate trade while stopping illicit trafficking of drugs, bulk cash, and guns. Trained canine teams will target illegal activity, especially along the border with the U.S.
Building Strong and Resilient Communities
Support for drug treatment and prevention efforts will include providing information technology equipment to connect hundreds of drug treatment centers nationwide, and community based gang and drug treatment for affected citizens. A secure and anonymous citizen complaint system will promote public engagement in the fight against illegal activity. Training in strategic messaging will help inform the public about institutional reforms and efforts being undertaken through the Merida Initiative.
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Paraguay
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 300 | 500 | 1,000 |
Program Overview
Paraguay is a major drug transit country for Andean-sourced cocaine and is a significant producer of marijuana. Paraguay is also a principal money laundering center. The Tri-Border Area (TBA) where Paraguay intersects with Brazil and Argentina is a hub for trafficking in drugs, contraband and pirated goods, arms, and persons. The Lugo administration has expressed strong political will to curb narcotics trafficking and has closely cooperated with the Embassy toward that end. However, the Government of Paraguay (GOP) is hampered by budget constraints, weak laws, and pervasive corruption and impunity. The U.S. government should continue funding the Paraguay program in order to capitalize on the Lugo administration’s commitment and support for the U.S. counternarcotics policy.
Program Goals and Objectives
The Paraguay program supports the embassy’s FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plan priority of Disrupting Criminal Organizations and INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Transnational Crime and Counternarcotics.
Objective 1: Fortify Paraguay’s institutional and operational capability to combat criminal activity in an effort to deter or disrupt criminal organizations, prevent terrorism, and combat transnational crime, terrorism financing, and narcotics trafficking.
Objective 2: Help Paraguay enhance measures to address corruption and address the challenges that constrict its ability to prosecute and convict narcotics traffickers and other perpetrators of transnational crime.
FY 2011 Program
Interdiction
Law Enforcement Support Project: Funds will provide training and technical assistance to the Anti-Narcotics Secretariat (SENAD) and the Paraguayan National Police (PNP) to improve operational capacity to investigate and prosecute major traffickers and money launderers. Assistance will provide training for special agents and attorneys in investigative and prosecutorial procedures as well as operational support such as per diem for joint investigations with the DEA. Support will also provide commodities such as replacement computers as well as maintenance of the drug analysis laboratory equipment. The funds will also provide ongoing support to SENAD’s narcotics detection canine program and demand reduction program. This assistance complements other resources targeting anti-corruption efforts. This is an ongoing project.
Transnational Crime
Anti-Money Laundering Project: Funds will provide support to the GOP’s efforts to prosecute offenders under the new anti-money laundering statute that was passed as part of a new penal code in 2009. Support will include training, technical assistance, and some equipment such as replacement computers and software upgrades. Progress will be measured by the number of money laundering cases presented for prosecution. This is an ongoing project.
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Peru
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Actual | FY 2011 Request |
| 37,000 | 40,000 | 37,000 |
Program Overview
Peru is the second largest cocaine producing country in the world and a major exporter of cocaine and cocaine base to markets in South America, Mexico, the United States, and Europe. The U.S. Crime and Narcotics Center estimated that in 2008, 41,000 hectares of coca were under cultivation in Peru. In 2009, the Government of Peru (GOP) manually eradicated 10,025 hectares of illicit coca. Eradication, linked closely to alternative development programs, has led to dramatic reductions of coca cultivation in the Upper Huallaga Valley where eradication efforts are focused; this is particularly evident in San Martin department. However, challenges remain in other parts of the country where State presence is limited, and where increased coca cultivation and trafficking have been reported, such as in the Apurimac and Ene River Valley (VRAE). Peru is a key U.S. partner in the region and we are committed to working with the GOP to effectively address illicit coca cultivation, narcotics trafficking, and the related transnational criminal challenges that follow.
Program Goals and Objectives
The USG supports programs that enhance the capabilities of the Peruvian National Police (PNP) and that of the Anti-Narcotics Directorate to provide security for eradication teams and interdiction in hard-core coca cultivation and narcotics trafficking zones. USG counternarcotics assistance also helps the Peruvian government publicize links between drug production and common crime so that Peruvians understand that their quality of life is degraded by drug trafficking. Embassy Lima ranked disruption of criminal organizations and combating narcotics trafficking as one of their top ranked priorities in the Mission Strategic Plan. The Garcia administration’s counternarcotics strategy coincides with U.S. goals, clearly linking interdiction and eradication with alternative development and prevention. The objectives and goals also reflect INL's FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals, notably, counternarcotics, transnational crime, and criminal justice sector capacity building.
Objective 1: Build institutional capability to investigate and prosecute transnational crimes as well as to eradicate illicit crops and interdict drugs and precursors produced within or transiting through Peru.
Objective 2: Assist law enforcement to conduct criminal and financial investigations that will result in arrests and prosecutions of trafficking organizations.
Objective 3: Combat corruption, especially within the Peruvian National Police force.
Objective 4: Improve police capabilities to provide for citizens' safety and contribute to the enhancement of the rule of law.
Objective 5: Improve community awareness of the negative effects of illicit drug use and to support community anti-drug coalitions.
FY 2011 Program
Eradication: Coca and Poppy Eradication and Crop Monitoring Funds will provide operational support for the labor intensive manual eradication program managed under the Coca Monitoring and Reduction Agency (CORAH), including transport, food, salaries, field gear and tools, tents, first aid, and training for the eradicators. Funding will also support technical assistance for CADA (Corps for Assistance to Alternative Development), the agency that monitors and maps coca and poppy cultivation; providing a means to verify eradication results. As an independent entity, CADA collaborates with the UN and GOP to develop and utilize monitoring methodologies. Funds will support the work of the Tropical Cultivations Institute (ICT) which conducts alternative crop research, as well as support agricultural extension services that facilitate and hasten coca growers’ transition to production of licit crops. Aviation Support for eradication will cover operating and maintenance assistance for Peru's aviation police (DIRAVPOL), including airlift for eradication and logistical support. These funds support pilots, aircrews, and associated personnel for 24 USG-owned Huey-II helicopters, three fixed-wing aircraft, and limited operational support for Peruvian MI-17 helicopters, and fixed-wing aircraft, all in support of coca eradication and related law enforcement activities east of the Andes. Training for pilots and mechanics, maintenance, hangars, warehousing, aircraft rental when needed, and operational support for DIRAVPOL personnel also receive funding. This is an ongoing project.
Interdiction: Law enforcement funding will provide support to the PNP to enhance law enforcement capabilities and counternarcotics interdiction efforts. Funds will be used for items such as vehicles, communications equipment, and field gear. Funds will also be used for training and field exercises designed to enhance PNP Anti-Narcotics police capabilities, as well as those of other police units. The increase of Peru's counternarcotics police personnel in source zones over the last five years has contributed to more effective and sustained eradication and interdiction operations. Funding will support PNP education improvements and PNP basic police academies and pre-academies strategically located in communities in coca source zones east of the Andes, including support for operational effectiveness and infrastructure improvements. Funds will support the development of the Ministry of Interior's Executive Office for Drug Control, including addressing management capacity and the handling of seized assets. Port security support funds will continue to improve the Government of Peru’s capacity to examine cargo and passengers through facilities improvements, equipment acquisitions, and training. Emphasis will be placed on the renovation and development of additional interdiction facilities at key seaports and airports. Peruvian Customs funds will bolster inspection and enforcement operations by Peruvian Customs at principal airports and seaports as well as other smaller installations. This support will include Customs’ canine program, and acquisition of computers and non-intrusive inspection equipment, along with renovation of existing facilities. Aviation Support for interdiction will provide operating and maintenance assistance for interdiction airlift to DIRAVPOL including logistical support for counternarcotics units. Funds will support pilots, aircrews, and support personnel for 24 USG-owned Huey-II helicopters, three fixed-wing aircraft, plus provide limited operational support for Peruvian MI-17 helicopters, and fixed-wing aircraft, all of which support coca eradication and other law enforcement efforts east of the Andes. Funds will also support training for pilots and mechanics, maintenance, hangars, warehousing, aircraft rental when needed, and operational support for DIRAVPOL personnel. This is an ongoing project.
Demand Reduction: Funding will support the work of NGOs such as the Information and Education Center for the Prevention of Drug Abuse (CEDRO) to reduce drug abuse among youth, to research drug abuse trends, to focus on educational workshops, and to train teachers and health professionals about illicit drug use. Funds will be used to purchase promotional materials and publications used in Community Anti-Drug Coalition (CAC) campaigns, to train community-based facilitators in the CAC model, and to sponsor public events designed to publicize CAC activities. Funds will implement a modern media campaign to increase drug awareness and deter youth from abusing drugs. In addition, there will be an expansion of school-based drug education programs in the capital and in strategic provinces. This is an ongoing project.
Administration of Justice/Prosecution: Funds will provide training and some travel expenses to support GOP prosecutors assigned to oversee drug enforcement operations, including investigation and trial preparation. Funds will support advanced training for prosecutors already in the program and entry-level training for new prosecutors. Funds will support training and technical assistance for prosecutors to learn better case management practices. This is an ongoing project.
Money Laundering: Funds will pay for a series of seminars and training programs for police, prosecutors, and judges in all aspects of detecting, investigating, and prosecuting money laundering crimes which will be organized by OAS/CICAD and the United Nations. Funds will continue to support Peru’s Financial Investigative Unit to analyze financial transactions, report on suspicious activities, and assist investigations of financial crimes. This is an ongoing project.
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Western Hemisphere Regional
Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI)
Budget Summary ($000)
| FY 2009 Actual | FY 2010 Estimate | FY 2011 Request |
| 64,680* | 65,000** | 70,000 |
* The FY 2009 figure does not include $5.32M in Guatemala and $2.5M in Haiti and the Dominican Republic, respectively. With these bilateral programs, the Merida Central America total is $75M, but does not include $3M for CICIG.
** This figure does not include $6M in Guatemala INCLE earmarks ($4 million for CICIG and $2 million for the Guatemalan Ministry of Interior).
Program Overview
Approximately 93 percent of Andean cocaine transits Mexico and Central America on its way to the United States. With increasing pressure on drug traffickers in Mexico, Colombia, and in international waters, the region is challenged by declining public security as traffickers increasingly shift to Central American territorial waters and land routes as primary transshipment points. Central American officials have identified gangs, drug trafficking, trafficking of arms and organized crime as the most pressing security concerns in the region. Vulnerabilities created by the increasingly violent nature of the security situation in Central America, if left unchecked, could open the way for more dangerous threats, such as increased levels of public sector corruption, the penetration of the political and security systems by criminals, and the loss of effective governmental control over territory. Our partners in Central America have made some progress in their own efforts to fight transnational organized criminal networks, and while much remains to be done, they are demonstrating an unprecedented willingness to work with us and each other to address these issues.
Program Goals and Objectives
The Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI) represents a U.S. partnership with the nations of Central America to address the corrosive effects of gangs, narcotics and arms trafficking, and organized crime on citizen safety. The regional initiative supports host-government strategic initiatives and the FY 2011 Mission Strategic Plans of the U.S. Embassies in Central America. The initiative also supports INL’s FY 2011 Bureau Strategic Plan goals of Counternarcotics, Transnational Crime and Criminal Justice Sector Capacity Building and Security Sector Reform (SSR).
CARSI provides funding in a range of areas, including direct law enforcement cooperation, assistance for capacity, and prevention programs aimed at addressing the root causes of crime and violence. We recognize the immediate need to combat the criminal organizations and associated violence; the medium-term requirement to augment the capabilities of civilian law enforcement and security entities; and the long-term necessity of strengthening judicial and other state institutions to resist corruption and improve the administration of justice.
Objective 1: Break the power and impunity of criminal organizations.
Objective 2: Assist the Governments of Central America in strengthening border, air, and maritime controls.
Objective 3: Improve the capacity of justice systems in the region.
Objective 4: Curtail gang activity and diminish the demand for drugs in Central America.
FY 2011 Program
Stabilization Operations and Security Sector Reform
Funds will support on-going law enforcement operations and justice sector reform in Central America to establish and sustain professional and accountable law enforcement services. Programs may advance regional police training through the International Law Enforcement Academy in San Salvador, El Salvador; support increased information sharing among Central American governments; continue to support a regional Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) advisor to provide training; and provide training and equipment for law enforcement. This is an ongoing project.
Counternarcotics
Funds will combat rising international drug trafficking in the Central American region. Support may include continuation of successful Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) vetted units; continue support for demand reduction programs such as Drug Abuse Resistance Education; continue to support existing aviation assets in Guatemala; and continue to provide for enhanced regional land and maritime interdiction capabilities and logistics supports. This is an ongoing project.
Transnational Crime
Funds will seek to minimize the adverse effects of criminal activities in Central America. Efforts may include support for in-service training and capacity enhancements of law enforcement personnel, including anti-gang training; continuation of the Criminal History Information Program; and training on financial crimes and asset forfeiture for the region. This is an ongoing project.
Rule of Law Human Rights
Funds will seek to advance rule of law activities in Central America. Efforts may include improving courts administration, management and processes; building the capacity of prosecutors and improving collaboration between civilian prosecutors and judicial or police investigators; addressing juvenile justice and juvenile post-prison rehabilitation; improving prison administration, management, and processes; supporting police academies and entry-level training and curricula; advancing community policing training and techniques; and addressing witness protection and forensic sciences in the judicial system. This is an ongoing project.
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